24. when I do / when I've done 그리고 when / if

- when + 현재시제

예문

A: Will you call me tomorrow?
B: Yes, I'll call you when I get home from work.

B의 대답에서 I'll call you + when I get home 은 두 절이 한 문장으로 사용됐다.

주절 when절
I'll call you when I get home from work.

이 문장은 미래 ( tomorrow )에 대해 말하고 있지만 when 절에는 현재시제 ( I get ) 을 사용했다. when 절에는 will을 사용하지 않는다.

예문

  • We'll go out when it stops raining. ( when it will stop )
  • When you are in Seoul again, give us a call. ( When will you be )
  • What do you want to be when you grow up? ( will grow )

while / before / after / as soon as / until / till 다음에도 will 사용 안함

예문

  • I'm going to read a lot of books while I am on vacation. ( while I will be )
  • I'm going back home on Sunday. Before I go, I'd like to visit a museum.
  • Wait here until I come back.

- when / after / until / as soon as + 현재완료

예문

  • Can I borrow that book when you've finished it?
  • Don't say anything while My boy friend here. Wait until he has gone.

현재완료 를 쓸 경우에는 한 가지 일이 다른 일에 앞서 완료되어야만 함

  • When I've called Daewon, we can have dinner.
    ( = First I'll call Daewon, and after that we can have dinner. )

두 가지 일이 동시에 일어날 때는 현재완료 사용 못함

  • When I call Daewon, I'll ask him about the party
    ( When I've called )

다음 예문에서처럼 종종 단순현재와 현재완료를 둘 다 사용할 수 있다

  • I'll come as soon as I finish. ( = I'll come as soon as I've finished )
  • You'll feel better after you have something to eat. ( You'll feel better after you've had something to eat )

- if + 단순현재

if 다음에는 미래의 의미로 보통 단순현재 ( if I do / if I see ) 를 사용.

예문

  • it's raining hard. We'll get wet if we go out. ( if we will go )
  • I'll be angry if it happens again. ( if it will happen )
  • Hurry up! If we don't hurry, we'll be late.

- when vs if

when = 확실히 일어날 일

when 예문

  • I'm going shopping later. When I go shopping, I'll get some cheese. ( 확실함 )

if = 일어날 가능성이 있는 일

if 예문

  • I might go shopping later. If I go shopping, I'll get some cheese. ( 가능함 )
  • If it's raining tonight, I won't go out. ( When it's raining )
  • Don't worry if I'm late tonight. ( when I'm late )
  • If they don't come soon, I'm not going to wait. ( When they don't come )